Study on the spatial characteristics of network public opinion and social governance measures under public health emergencies——take Wuhan metropolitan as an example

Abstract: with the development of economic globalization and social informatization, network public opinion, as a new urban environment, poses new challenges to the global cities in response to the outbreak of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, H1N1, SARS, and puts forward higher requirements for the ability of government departments to deal with public health emergencies. Network public opinion is an important embodiment of public will and the correct guidance and supervision of it will help urban managers to ease public sentiment and reduce social conflicts. Wuhan metropolitan, as a severe disaster area of COVID-19, is a typical network public opinion concentration area. This paper extracts the geographical entity nouns within the scope of Wuhan metropolitan and analyzes the word frequency and emotion, based on the public opinion text data of mainstream social network platforms in China during the six months after the outbreak of the epidemic, and GIS is further used to analyze the spatial visualization and spatial autocorrelation of the analysis results. The results show that the areas with high word frequency form multiple agglomeration centers along the edge of Wuhan city center; the spatial distribution of positive and negative orientation of emotion in Wuhan metropolitan is unbalanced, and the difference between cities is significant; the correlation between word frequency and emotional orientation forms five typical regions in space. Based on this, this paper focuses on the areas where the word frequency is high and the emotional orientation is negative. In view of the problems exposed by the government departments in response to public opinion, combined with the similarities and differences of economic, cultural, educational level and other factors in this region, this paper comprehensively discusses the social governance mode of the hot spots and puts forward the countermeasures: (1) linkage with government departments at all levels to build a multi-subjects emergency public opinion warning and response system;(2) improve the government's top-down policy transmission channel, and block the spread of rumors with authoritative information; (3) appropriately enlarge the role of public opinion supervision of social organizations and liberate the discourse hegemony of the government; (4) comply with the development trend of the new media, strengthen the network standardized management; (5) weaken the information asymmetric and establish a new cooperation mechanism between the official departments and non-governmental organizations. The purpose of this study is to provide reference for the social governance of public opinion environment and support the construction of healthy city.