Towards More Convenient Livable City: Research on the Suburban Dweller Space Using Behavior Through Spatiotemporal Big Data

Under the background of the rapid urbanization, suburbs have become the forefront of urban living space. Different with the dwellers in the city center, the daily behavior characteristics of suburban dwellers are more varied due to the commuting distance and employment opportunities. Meanwhile, the urban space using behavior is also significant influenced by their occupation and daily behavior. Thus, if the city governor only based on the socio-economic or population density index to allocate the public resources, it might result waste. In here, we attempt to discuss the approach to reduce this kind of waste through dynamic behavior perspectives. Based on the above, Shenyang (the provincial capital city which located in the Northeast of China) was selected as a sample. The research collected LBS (Location Based Service) big data of 24 hours for seven consecutive days. Based on ST-DBSCAN clustering algorithm, the movement trajectories and stop points of 874 suburban dwellers in southern suburbs were recognized. Then, combined with land use and POI data, the activity type of each stop point was identified, including working behavior, residential behavior, life-service behavior, commercial-entertainment behavior, outdoor-play behavior. Afterwards, based on the method of time-space geography and GIS platform，dwellers’ spatiotemporal distribution of different behaviors was analyzed. Meanwhile, due to the time rhythm occupation/living behavior，the dwellers were divided in five types of daily activity patterns: 9 to 5, early-out-early-return, early-out-late-return, late-out-early-return, late-out-late-return. Based on the classification, through the indicators of activity levels and spatial concentration, the spatiotemporal differences in use of community and city space were further analyzed and compared in detailed. The result indicated that from aspects of the frequency of activities, the duration of specific behaviors, and the time period of activities, people use urban space in different ways. Meanwhile, the time constraints greatly affect the spatiotemporal distribution of non-working behaviors outside homes, which further affects the use of city and community functional space. According to the above finding, this paper suggests that while the government strengthen the construction of public facilities in suburban communities, it also need to use methods such as employment-policy or transport-policy to relieve the time constraints of residents so as to make a more convenient life.