Abstract
Jakarta and Bandung are the two big cities in Indonesia which are the economic centers of today. The condition of these two cities as the National Capital and the Provincial Capital as well as the industrial area has begun to reach its saturation point, but it is different from the economic potential between Jakarta and Bandung which is still very high (PT Kereta Api Indonesia China, 2019). Metropolitan Jakarta and Metropolitan Bandung are important areas in the national constellation. Based on the spatial structure plan, the two metropolitan areas are included in the national activity center. The population of the two regions reaches 35 million people or around 30% of the total urban population in Indonesia. This area is also designated as a national strategic area that is connected by the strategic areas of the Bekasi-Cikampek Corridor and Purwakarta-Padalarang Corridor. At present, the Jakarta-Bandung connectivity is one of the busiest transportation routes in Java, especially after the opening of the Cipularang Toll Road in 2005. This route is served by rail, road, and air transportation modes. Most trips from Bandung to Jakarta are done for business purposes with an estimated 95% of which is served by road modes (Firman, 2009). However, the mainline connecting the two cities have experienced capacity limitations that make the distance between Jakarta and Bandung, which should be taken within 1.5-2 hours to 3-4 hours, even longer on weekends and holidays (Firman, 2009 ). In an effort to overcome this problem, the government developed a mode of transportation in the form of a high-speed railway or fast train on the Jakarta-Bandung route. The development of traffic and infrastructure can encourage spatial and socio-economic changes in the area along the corridor and bring about the existence of urban corridors (Primeus and Zonneveld, 2003). So far the dimensions of the urban corridor or urban corridor form the largest constellation, exceeding the size of other large urban areas (Georg, 2016). UN Habitat (2008) describes urban corridors as a number of major cities of various sizes that are linearly connected along a well-developed transportation route connecting the city and its hinterland. This concept stems from the infrastructure domain (Trip in Zonneveld 2003). Corridors can be conceptualized as a collection of infrastructure that connects two or more urban areas. Therefore a review of the identification of the Jakarta-Bandung urban corridor transformation was conducted. The study was conducted with qualitative research methods. Qualitative research methods use case studies as an approach, by investigating the events, activities, processes of an individual, or group in detail and detail. The case study approach in qualitative research is intended to find out the meaning and context of the development of the Jakarta-Bandung Corridor area. Based on normative references contained in the theory of urban corridors and related laws and regulations. In addition, it also wants to know the effects of unexpected influences and phenomena, as well as developing the causal relationships contained in the object of research. Through literature studies and semi-structured interviews, descriptive and content analysis is carried out which shows the development of institutional components which include the role of actors and policies, physical development which includes spatial structure and spatial patterns, and economic development which includes the economic structure of the region, leading sectors, and income. and the development of the Jakarta-Bandung urban corridor. So that this study further clarifies the transformation of the Jakarta-Bandung urban corridor.
